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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">lin-28</h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>lin-28</b> (auch lin28) ist ein Entwicklungs<a href="Gen" title="Gen">gen</a>, das in den Zellen der meisten vielzelligen Tiere vorkommt. Seine Position im Humangenom ist auf <a href="Chromosom" title="Chromosom">Chromosom</a> 1, Location 1p36.11. Das Proteinprodukt von lin-28 ist ein evolutionär hoch konserviertes, RNA-bindendes Protein, das durch <a href="MicroRNA" title="MicroRNA">microRNAs</a> reguliert wird und eine Bedeutung in der zeitlichen Steuerung der Embryonalentwicklung von <i><a href="Caenorhabditis_elegans" title="Caenorhabditis elegans">Caenorhabditis elegans</a></i> hat.<sup id="cite_ref-Horvitz_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horvitz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der Name für das Gen kommt aus dem Englischen und steht für "cell lineage abnormal 28" ("abnormale <a href="Zellabstammung" title="Zellabstammung">Zellabstammung</a> 28").
</p><p>Das Proteinprodukt ist ein sogenannter <a href="Transkriptionsfaktor" title="Transkriptionsfaktor">Transkriptionsfaktor</a> (TF), der die Ablesung anderer Gene bewirkt. Der TF enthält eine <a href="Zinkfinger" class="mw-redirect" title="Zinkfinger">Zinkfinger</a>- und eine Kälteschock-<a href="Proteindom%C3%A4ne" title="Proteindomäne">Domäne</a> (engl. cold shock domain, csd).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
Nach dem Abschluss der Entwicklung des Organismus wird lin-28 komplett <a href="RNA-Interferenz" title="RNA-Interferenz">abgeschaltet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Das Gen dient als Marker für undifferenzierte humane embryonale <a href="Stammzellen" class="mw-redirect" title="Stammzellen">Stammzellen</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und wird in der Biotechnologie genutzt, um künstliche Stammzellen (<a href="Induzierte_pluripotente_Stammzelle" title="Induzierte pluripotente Stammzelle">induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen</a>) herzustellen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es <a href="Genetischer_Code" title="Genetischer Code">codiert</a> für ein zytoplasmatisches <a href="MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a>-bindendes Protein,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> das die <a href="Translation_(Biologie)" title="Translation (Biologie)">Translation</a> der mRNA von einem anderen Gen, <a href="Insulin%C3%A4hnliche_Wachstumsfaktoren" title="Insulinähnliche Wachstumsfaktoren">Igf2</a>, unterstützt.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Es konnte außerdem gezeigt werden, dass lin-28 an Vorstufen einer <a href="Non-coding_RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-coding RNA">nichtcodierenden RNA</a>, die an der Steuerung von Entwicklungsprozessen beteiligt ist (<a href="Let-7" title="Let-7">Let-7</a>), bindet und so die Produktion des reifen let-7-Moleküls in embryonalen Stammzellen der Maus blockiert.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Horvitz-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Horvitz_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Horvitz HR, Sternberg PW, Greenwald IS, Fixsen W, Ellis HM: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mutations that affect neural cell lineages and cell fates during the development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Quant Biol.</cite> 48. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, 1983, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>453–463</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6586368?dopt=Abstract">PMID 6586368</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=Mutations+that+affect+neural+cell+lineages+and+cell+fates+during+the+development+of+the+nematode+Caenorhabditis+elegans&rft.au=Horvitz+HR%2C%26%2332%3BSternberg+PW%2C+Greenwald+IS%2C+...&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Quant+Biol.&rft.pages=453-463&rft.pmid=6586368&rft.volume=48.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Moss EG, Tang L. Conservation of the heterochronic regulator Lin-28, its developmental expression and microRNA complementary sites. In: <i>Dev Biol</i>. 2003; 258 :432-442</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Moss EG, Lee RC, <a href="Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Ambros V</a>.: <cite style="font-style:italic">The cold shock domain protein LIN-28 controls developmental timing in C. elegans and is regulated by the lin-4 RNA</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Cell_(Zeitschrift)" title="Cell (Zeitschrift)">Cell</a></cite>. 88. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, 7. März 1997, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>637–646</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9054503?dopt=Abstract">PMID 9054503</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=The+cold+shock+domain+protein+LIN-28+controls+developmental+timing+in+C.+elegans+and+is+regulated+by+the+lin-4+RNA&rft.au=Moss+EG%2C%26%2332%3BLee+RC%2C+Ambros+V.&rft.date=1997-03-07&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.pages=637-646&rft.pmid=9054503&rft.volume=88.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richards M, Tan SP, Tan JH, Chan WK, Bongso A.: <cite style="font-style:italic">The transcriptome profile of human embryonic stem cells as defined by SAGE</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Stem_Cells" title="Stem Cells">Stem Cells</a></cite>. 22. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 2004, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>51–64</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688391?dopt=Abstract">PMID 14688391</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=The+transcriptome+profile+of+human+embryonic+stem+cells+as+defined+by+SAGE&rft.au=Richards+M%2C%26%2332%3BTan+SP%2C+Tan+JH%2C+...&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Stem+Cells&rft.pages=51-64&rft.pmid=14688391&rft.volume=22.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Liao J, Wu Z, Wang Y, Cheng L, Cui C, Gao Y, Chen T, Rao L, Chen S, Jia N, Dai H, Xin S, Kang J, Pei G, Xiao L: <cite style="font-style:italic">Enhanced efficiency of generating induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from human somatic cells by a combination of six transcription factors</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Cell Res</cite>. 18. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, Mai 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>600–603</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18414447?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18414447</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=Enhanced+efficiency+of+generating+induced+pluripotent+stem+%28iPS%29+cells+from+human+somatic+cells+by+a+combination+of+six+transcription+factors&rft.au=Liao+J%2C%26%2332%3BWu+Z%2C+Wang+Y%2C+...&rft.date=2008-05&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Cell+Res&rft.pages=600-603&rft.pmid=18414447&rft.volume=18.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Balzer E, Moss EG: <cite style="font-style:italic">Localization of the developmental timing regulator Lin28 to mRNP complexes, P-bodies and stress granules</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">RNA Biol</cite>. 4. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 2007, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>16–25</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17617744?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17617744</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=Localization+of+the+developmental+timing+regulator+Lin28+to+mRNP+complexes%2C+P-bodies+and+stress+granules&rft.au=Balzer+E%2C%26%2332%3BMoss+EG&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=RNA+Biol&rft.pages=16-25&rft.pmid=17617744&rft.volume=4.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Polesskaya A, Cuvellier S, Naguibneva I, Duquet A, Moss EG, Harel-Bellan A.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Lin-28 binds IGF-2 mRNA and participates in skeletal myogenesis by increasing translation efficiency</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Genes Dev</cite>. 1. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, 1. Mai 2007, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1125–1138</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17473174?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17473174</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=Lin-28+binds+IGF-2+mRNA+and+participates+in+skeletal+myogenesis+by+increasing+translation+efficiency&rft.au=Polesskaya+A%2C%26%2332%3BCuvellier+S%2C+Naguibneva+I%2C+...&rft.date=2007-05-01&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Genes+Dev&rft.pages=1125-1138&rft.pmid=17473174&rft.volume=1.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Viswanathan SR, Daley GQ, Gregory RI: <cite style="font-style:italic">Selective blockade of microRNA processing by Lin28</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Science" title="Science">Science</a></cite>. 320. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5872</span>, 4. April 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>97–100</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18292307?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18292307</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Lin-28&rft.atitle=Selective+blockade+of+microRNA+processing+by+Lin28&rft.au=Viswanathan+SR%2C%26%2332%3BDaley+GQ%2C+Gregory+RI&rft.date=2008-04-04&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5872&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=97-100&rft.pmid=18292307&rft.volume=320.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
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